Quality Measures (PRO-PMs)
HealthMeasures in Quality Measures
HealthMeasures patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are included in PRO-performance measures (PRO-PMs).
A PRO-PM is a qualitative or quantitative measure of the end result of care based on data collected through a PRO measure and then aggregated for an accountable health care entity (Cella et al., 2015).
PRO-PMs are used to track and report on the performance of healthcare providers and healthcare delivery organizations with an aim of improving the quality of healthcare services.
PRO measures capture the voice of the patient. When PRO data is used in the evaluation of performance, the patients’ perception of their outcomes can be incorporated into value-based initiatives.
CMS Quality Reporting Programs with PROMIS®
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) manages quality reporting programs across the spectrum of healthcare settings. Programs are increasingly incorporating the voice of the patient by adding patient-reported outcome-based performance measures that include PROMIS in data collection requirements. Learn more.
What is IQR?
The Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting (IQR) Program is a pay-for-reporting program for acute care hospitals. Learn more.
How can PROMIS help?
Hospital-Level Total Hip Arthroplasty and/or Total Knee Arthroplasty Patient Reported Outcome-Based Performance Measure (THA/TKA PRO-PM) identifies PROMIS Global Mental Health 4a as a risk variable for submission.
Where can I find more information?
What is OQR?
The Hospital Outpatient Quality Reporting (OQR) Program is a pay-for-reporting program for care provided in the hospital outpatient department (HOPD) setting.
How can PROMIS help?
OP-42: Hospital-level Total Hip Arthroplasty/Total Knee Arthroplasty Patient Reported Outcome-Based Performance Measure (THA/TKA PRO-PM) includes the PROMIS Global Mental Health subscale (from PROMIS Scale Global Health or PROMIS Global Mental Health 4a) as a reportable patient-reported risk variable. Learn more.
Where can I find more information?
What is ASCQR?
The Ambulatory Surgical Center Quality Reporting (ASCQR) Program is a pay-for-reporting program for care provided in the ambulatory surgery center care setting. Learn more.
How can PROMIS help?
ASC-21: Facility-level Total Hip Arthroplasty/Total Knee Arthroplasty Patient Reported Outcome-Based Performance Measure (THA/TKA PRO-PM) includes the PROMIS Global Mental Health subscale (from PROMIS Scale Global Health or PROMIS Global Mental Health 4a)as a reportable patient-reported risk variable. Learn more.
Where can I find more information?
CMS Innovation Center Models with PROMIS
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Service (CMS) Innovation Center develops and tests new healthcare payment and service delivery models to improve patient care, lower costs, and better align payment systems to promote patient-centered practices. The CMS Innovation Center’s models are alternative payment models (APMs) which reward health care providers for delivering high-quality and cost-efficient care.
What is TEAM?
Transforming Episode Accountability Model (TEAM) aims to incentivize quality improvement and reduce costs by building upon earlier models including Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) and Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Advanced (BPCI). Learn more.
How can PROMIS help?
PROMIS Global Mental Health (from PROMIS Scale Global Health or PROMIS Global Mental Health 4a) is one tool used for risk adjustment by pre-operative mental health score in the Hospital-Level Total Hip and/or Total Knee Arthroplasty Patient-Reported Outcome-Based Performance Measure (THA/TKA PRO-PM). Learn more.
Where can I find more information?
What is GUIDE?
The Guiding an Improved Dementia Experience (GUIDE) Model aims to improve the quality of life for people with dementia and their caregivers. Learn more.
How can PROMIS help?
PROMIS Global Health is the tool used in the Quality of Life Outcome for Patients with Neurological Conditions (QoL) Performance Measure. Learn more.
Where can I find more information?
PROMIS in Quality Payment Programs
What are Quality Payment Programs?
The Quality Payment Program (QPP) is a value-based reimbursement model that allows CMS to measure quality performance and reward clinicians who provide high-quality patient-centered care.
How PROMIS Helps with Quality Payment Programs
PRO-PMs incorporate the voice of the patient into quality measures. High-quality, valid PROMs data are required for development of high-performing PRO-PMs that ensure every voice is heard. Below we provide information on how PROMIS may be used in these QPP reporting options:
- PROMIS in Merit Based Incentive Payment System (Traditional MIPS)
Learn more about quality payment programs at CMS.
PROMIS in Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS)
What is MIPS?
The Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) is a CMS reimbursement model that aims to incentivize quality improvement and cost reduction through increased reimbursement. Traditional MIPS reporting is the original reporting option. It is anticipated that in the future, traditional MIPS reporting will be replaced by the MIPS Value Pathways (MVP) reporting option.
PROMIS helps with Traditional MIPS Reporting for:
Physical Therapy
- MSK Measure Set: PROMIS Physical Function, PROMIS Upper Extremity, and PROMIS Pain Interference are used in a set of PRO-PMs to measure physical therapy outcomes for the MIPS Program through Limber Health’s Qualified Clinical Data Registry (QCDR).
- Learn more about the MSK measure set at the Limber Health website.
Breast Cancer
- PROMIS Fatigue short form 4a and PROMIS Pain Interference short form 4a are used in PRO-PMs assessing fatigue and pain outcomes in people with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy (3718, 3720).
- Learn more for Fatigue and Pain.
Heart Failure
- The PROMIS Global Health scale and PROMIS-29 Profile are in a PRO-PM for functional status in people with Heart Failure through the MIPS program (00282-05-E-MIPS).
- Learn more at CMS.
Total Knee Arthroplasty
- The PROMIS Global Health scale is used in a PRO-PM for functional status in people undergoing total knee arthroplasty (replacement) through the MIPS program (00279-06-E-MIPS).
- Learn more at CMS.
Total Hip Arthroplasty
- The PROMIS Global Health scale is used in a PRO-PM for functional status in people undergoing total hip arthroplasty (replacement) through the MIPS program (00278-05-E-MIPS).
- Learn more at CMS.
Learn more about MIPS at CMS.
PROMIS in MIPS Value Pathways (MVPs)
What are MIPS Value Pathways?
- MIPS Value Pathways (MVPs) are the newest way to fulfill MIPS reporting requirement. MVPs help clinicians identify the measures most appropriate for their specialty area.
- The program launched in 2023 with 12 MVPs and has continued to grow. There were 21 MVPs available in 2025.
- Each MVP offers a streamlined set of quality measures and improvement activities appropriate to its specialty area. Organizations may be able to fulfill some of these activity requirements using PROMIS.
Download a table showing where PROMIS measures can be used in MVP reporting.
Learn more about MVPs at CMS.
Research on PROMIS PRO-PMs
Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions
In 2017, RAND Corporation demonstrated validity of the PROMIS-29 Profile with older adults with multiple chronic conditions. They then explored the challenges in developing a PRO-PM for this population including the relative stability of health-related quality of life and need for a longer follow-up period and large sample size.
Total Knee/Hip Arthroplasty
In 2020, Lawrie and colleagues demonstrated the feasibility and efficiency of using PROMIS computer adaptive tests (CATs) in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ Bundled Payment for Care Improvement program. They evaluated PROMIS Physical Function, Pain Interference, and Depression CATs for patients undergoing total knee and total hip arthroplasty.
PROMIS in Healthcare Registries
PROMIS Measures Are Included in Multiple American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) Registry Programs
American Joint Replacement Registry (AJRR)
Recommended:
- PROMIS Global Health
Accepted:
- PROMIS-29
- PROMIS Anxiety
- PROMIS Depression
- PROMIS Pain Interference
- PROMIS-CAT
Fracture and Trauma Registry (FTR)
Recommended:
- PROMIS Global Health
- PROMIS Physical Function
Accepted:
- PROMIS-29
- PROMIS Anxiety
- PROMIS Depression
- PROMIS Pain Interference
- PROMIS-CAT
Musculoskeletal Tumor Registry (MsTR)
- PROMIS Global Health
Shoulder and Elbow Registry (SER)
Recommended:
- PROMIS Global Health
Accepted:
- PROMIS Upper Extremity
- PROMIS-29
- PROMIS Anxiety
- PROMIS Depression
- PROMIS Pain Interference
- PROMIS-CAT
American Spine Registry (ASR)
Recommended:
- PROMIS Global Health
- PROMIS Physical Function
Accepted:
- PROMIS-29
- PROMIS Anxiety
- PROMIS Depression
- PROMIS Pain Interference
- PROMIS-CAT
For specific PROMIS measures in a given domain, review Recommended HealthMeasures.
View data submission support resources for AAOS registries.
Last updated: September 30, 2026